The subject of Biology is a fundamental pillar within the curriculum of the Human Medicine degree, because it provides essential knowledge about the biological processes that support life and, therefore, health and disease in humans.

Throughout the course, the methodology is geared towards enabling students to achieve an understanding of cell structure and function, genetics, physiology, comparative anatomy, ecology, as well as the mechanisms of immunity and reproduction.

In addition, the course fosters critical thinking and reasoning, which is essential for biomedical research.

1. Understanding the structural and functional organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as a basis for the study of tissues, organs and systems in the human body.
2. Explain the anatomy and physiology of the main systems of the human body, allowing the establishment of relationships between the biological structure and its function in the maintenance of health.
3. Analyzing the processes of replication, transcription, and translation of genetic material, which are fundamental to understanding the molecular basis of genetic diseases and therapeutic mechanisms.
4. Recognizing the mechanisms of cell reproduction, as well as human reproduction and its biological implications, is essential to understanding development, inheritance, and oncogenesis.
5. Understanding the fundamentals of immunity, including its types and mechanisms of action, is essential knowledge for the study of infectious and immunological diseases and in studies of preventive clinical practice.

• Introduction to Biology: definition, branches and fundamental characteristics of living beings.
• Chemical composition of living matter: bioelements, inorganic and organic molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids).
• Cell structure: differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; functions and classification of organelles.
• Cell theory and functions of the plasma membrane, types of transport and ion channels.
• Structure and function of the nucleus, DNA replication, protein synthesis and genetic code.
• Classification and functions of animal tissues (epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous).
• Metabolic processes: autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition, cellular respiration, gas exchange.
• Animal and human physiology: digestion, circulation, excretion, nervous and endocrine systems.
• Reproduction, cell cycle, Mendelian and non-Mendelian genetics, mutations, and sex-linked inheritance.
• Hygiene, infectious diseases, immunology (innate, acquired, vaccination), ecology and environmental health.

The Chemistry course provides the necessary foundation for understanding the structure, properties, and transformations of matter. Through the study of concepts such as atomic structure, chemical bonds, reactions, solutions, stoichiometry, and organic chemistry, the course enables students to understand the physicochemical processes present in the biological and physiological phenomena of the human body.

Furthermore, the course promotes the development of logical reasoning, problem-solving, and quantitative analysis—key competencies in the basic science subjects of the Human Medicine degree. The course is designed with a methodology that encourages student participation, collaborative work, and applied learning.

1. Understanding atomic structure and electronic configuration is fundamental to explaining the chemical properties of the elements.
2. Recognize the different types of chemical bonds and their implications in the formation of compounds relevant to biological processes.
3. Classify chemical reactions and apply balancing methods, including redox reactions, essential in cellular metabolism.
4. Calculating concentrations and performing operations with solutions are key skills in handling medications and body fluids.
5. Identify the main organic chemical functions and their nomenclature.

• Structure of matter: properties, states, atoms, ions and isotopes.
• Atomic structure: quantum numbers, electronic configuration and magnetic properties.
• Periodic table: classification, location and periodic properties of the elements.
• Chemical bonding: ionic bonding, covalent bonding, molecular polarity, geometry, and intermolecular forces.
• Chemical units of mass: mole, molar mass, Avogadro's number and stoichiometric relationships.
• Chemical reactions: classification, balancing by inspection methods, oxidation number and ion-electron.
• Stoichiometry: laws of definite proportions, limiting reagent, yield and purity.
• Solutions: concentration, types, dilution operations, mixtures, and reactions in solution.
• Acid-base theories: Arrhenius, Brönsted-Lowry, Lewis; pH, pOH and their calculation.
• Organic chemistry: carbon structure, hydrocarbons, oxygenated and nitrogenous functional groups, nomenclature.

The Physics course is a key tool in the scientific training of aspiring medical students. This subject provides the fundamental principles that explain motion, energy, fluids, electricity, sound, and optics. This understanding is essential for interpreting numerous physiological phenomena of the human body, such as cardiovascular dynamics, pulmonary ventilation, and the transmission of nerve signals. Furthermore, the course allows students to become familiar with concepts that underpin the operation of medical technologies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), X-rays, ultrasound, and electrocardiograms.

The course fosters the development of logical thinking, quantitative analysis, and problem-solving skills in applicants—essential competencies for evidence-based clinical practice. Physics, as an experimental science, trains future medical students in the rigorous use of models and the objective evaluation of data, strengthening their reasoning abilities in complex clinical situations.

1. To know the fundamentals of mechanics.
2. To know and correctly apply Newton's laws in everyday situations.
3. Understanding fluid physics and its applications in various situations.
4. To understand thermal phenomena and heat transfers in our environment.
5. To understand electrical phenomena and apply them in our daily lives.

• Physical quantities: classification, measurement, SI units, vectors and vector operations.
• Kinematics: study of uniform and accelerated rectilinear motion, free fall, velocity and acceleration.
• Dynamics and Newton's laws: force, free body diagrams, work, energy and conservation of energy.
• Mechanics of solids: static and kinetic equilibrium, systems with pulleys, friction.
• Fluid mechanics: Pascal's, Archimedes', Bernoulli's principles and Torricelli's equation.
• Thermodynamics: temperature, heat, heat transfer mechanisms, thermal equilibrium.
• Electrostatics: electric charge, electrification, Coulomb's law, electric field and its representation.
• Electrokinetics: electric current, resistances, Ohm's, Joule's and Kirchhoff's laws, electric circuits.
• Electromagnetic waves: structure, propagation, speed, refraction and applications.
• Physical applications in real systems: hydraulics, thermal, electrical and optical.

The mathematics course aims to strengthen students' logical skills and develop their abstract thinking. It helps them understand that symbols like x and y are used in place of varying numbers and can be used to find missing information in math problems, real-life situations, or relationships. Mathematics also helps them visualize complex concepts and relationships by creating and understanding graphical representations of information.

In mathematics, students learn to reason symbolically, which increases the complexity and range of equations and problems they can solve. This ability to understand complex, changing, and abstract concepts stimulates the brain, helping students think in new ways. Studying mathematics also helps them organize their thinking, enabling them to formulate reasonable responses when faced with complex or dynamic situations. In this way, our students are able to solve problems in our society.

1. Understanding the properties and operations with real numbers, fractions, radicals, and algebraic expressions, applicable to quantitative data analysis.
2. Solve linear and quadratic equations and inequalities, including systems of equations.
3. Interpret linear, quadratic, and exponential functions, and their graphs.
4. Apply probability concepts to assess risks, interpret clinical studies, and make informed decisions in uncertain scenarios.
5. Analyze the behavior of functions using derivatives, and their applications in real-world context situations (maximum and minimum of a function).

• Operations with real numbers, fractions, decimals, laws of signs.
• Algebraic expressions, polynomials, operations and notable products.
• Powering, rooting and rationalizing radical expressions.
• Solving quadratic equations and analyzing the nature of their roots.
• Solving first and second degree equations and inequalities.
• Concepts of divisibility, multiples, divisors and prime numbers.
• Relations and functions: representation, domain, range, and graphs.
• Linear and quadratic functions: characteristics, graphs and applications.
• Exponential function: behavior, graph, asymptote and applications.
• Derivatives: basic rules, applications for determining relative extrema.

The Reading and Writing course provides applicants with the necessary skills to understand and interpret academic and scientific texts with critical rigor. Through the structural and semantic analysis of different types of texts, students acquire the ability to discriminate relevant information, evaluate sources, and construct sound argumentative judgments—essential skills in medical training for the effective reading of research articles.

Furthermore, the course develops the ability to express ideas clearly, coherently, and precisely through the writing of expository and argumentative texts, strengthening performance in the preparation of reports, case studies, and essays typical of university and professional settings. The mastery of grammatical, spelling, and discourse rules cultivated in this subject is transversal to all areas of medical knowledge, enabling effective communication in both academic contexts and clinical practice, where the accurate transmission of information is key to decision-making and interdisciplinary work.

1. To address a diversity of expository and argumentative texts in continuous, discontinuous and mixed formats.
2. Develop skills in analyzing, interpreting, and evaluating expository and argumentative texts.
3. Develop skills in organizing information, writing texts, and editing the texts they write.
4. Apply the spelling and grammar rules respectively in the construction of sentences.
5. To promote a lifelong love and interest in language and its correct use.

• Analysis of statements and morphological structures.
• Study of textual coherence and cohesion, Greek and Latin etymology.
• Identifying main ideas and grammatical categories.
• Analysis of the central idea in expository texts and verb conjugation.
• Semantic compatibility and syntactic interpretation of the subject and predicate.
• Paraphrasing and inferential comprehension of texts.
• Identifying communicative intention and using conjunctions.
• Classification of texts by communicative intention and correction of concordances.
• Development of arguments, theses and critical analysis of texts.
• Study of fallacies, academic vocabulary, spelling usage and discourse markers.